PL EN
RESEARCH PAPER
Media Coverage and Migration Policy Attention in Kosovo: Television, Public Perceptions, and the Political Agenda
 
More details
Hide details
1
Institute for Sociological, Political and Juridical Research, University Ss Cyril and Methodius – Skopje, Kosowo
 
2
Institute For Sociological Political And Juridical Research, University Ss Cyril and Methodius – Skopje, North Macedonia
 
 
Submission date: 2025-11-27
 
 
Final revision date: 2026-06-28
 
 
Acceptance date: 2026-06-29
 
 
Online publication date: 2026-10-17
 
 
Publication date: 2026-10-17
 
 
Corresponding author
Fatime Lumi Qehaja   

Institute for Sociological, Political and Juridical Research, University Ss Cyril and Methodius – Skopje, Ndue Përlleshi, 10000, Prishtinë, Kosowo
 
 
 
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Abstract This study examines how television coverage of emigration in Kosovo (2008–2024) contributes to the political salience of migration in a small-state, post-conflict context. Drawing on nineteen semi-structured interviews with television editorial representatives and researchers/professionals, the analysis identifies three interrelated mechanisms: dominant human-interest framing, heightened public sensitivity through emotionally resonant storytelling, and symbolic institutional responsiveness. The findings indicate no direct causal link between television coverage and specific policy decisions. Instead, migration becomes politically salient through mediated agenda-building processes that shape public prioritisation and institutional positioning. By empirically grounding these dynamics in professional perceptions from both media producers and external experts, the study contributes to media and social policy research through a context-sensitive model of mediated political attention in a transitional democratic setting. The study also highlights how sustained television visibility, emotional storytelling, and narrative framing contribute to maintaining migration as a socially sensitive and politically visible issue within Kosovo’s public discourse.
REFERENCES (55)
1.
Benson, R. (2013). Shaping immigration news: A French-American comparison. Cambridge University Press.
 
2.
Blakaj, B. & Boomgaarden, H. (2025). The long road to visa liberalization: Media’s role in shaping perceptions and emigration aspirations in Kosovo before and after visa liberalization. European Consortium for Political Research (ECPR). https://ecpr.eu/Events/Event/P....
 
3.
Blumler, J.G. & Gurevitch, M. (1995). Political communication systems and democratic values. In J.G. Blumler & M. Gurevitch (Eds.), The crisis of public communication. (97–111). Routledge.
 
4.
Boswell, C. & Smellie, S. (2023). Migration narratives in political debate and policy-making: Conceptualising and operationalising Work Packages 7 and 8 (BRIDGES Working Papers). https://www.bridges-migration.... content/uploads/2023/11/BRIDGES-Working-Papers-19_concept-note-Migration-narratives-in-political-debate-and-policymaking.pdf.
 
5.
British Sociological Association. (2017). BSA Statement of Ethical Practice. British Sociological Association (BSA).
 
6.
Bruzelius, C. (2025). Problems chasing missing solutions: The politics of placing emigration on the EU agenda. Journal of European Public Policy, 32(1), 296–321. https://doi.org/10.1080/135017....
 
7.
Careja, R. (2013). Emigration for development? An exploration of the state’s role in the development-migration nexus: The case of Romania. International Migration, 51(1), 76–90. https://doi.org/10.1111/imig.1....
 
8.
Chong, D. & Druckman, J.N. (2007). Framing theory. Annual Review of Political Science, 10, 103–126. https://doi.org/10.1146/annure....
 
9.
Dekker, R. & Scholten, P. (2017). Framing the immigration policy agenda: A qualitative comparative analysis of media effects on Dutch immigration policies. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 22(2), 202–222.https://doi.org/10.1177/194016....
 
10.
Dhëmbo, E., Çaro, E., & Hoxha, J. (2021). “Our migrant” and “the other migrant”: Migration discourse in the Albanian media, 2015–2018. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 8, 317. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599....
 
11.
Eberl, J.-M., Galyga, S., Lind, F., Heidenreich, T., Edie, R., Boomgaarden, H.G., … & Berganza, R. (2019). European Media Migration Report: How media cover migration and intra-EU mobility in terms of salience, sentiment and framing. (REMINDER project). https://www.reminder-project.e....
 
12.
Eberl, J.-M., Meltzer, C.E., Heidenreich, T., Herrero, B., Theorin, N., Lind, F., Berganza, R., Boomgaarden, H.G., Schemer, C., & Strömbäck, J. (2018). The European media discourse on immigration and its effects: A literature review. Annals of the International Communication Association, 42(3), 207–223. https://doi.org/10.1080/238089....
 
13.
Entman, R.M. (1993). Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm. Journal of Communication, 43(4), 51–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460....
 
14.
Esser, F. & Strömbäck, J. (2014). Mediatization of politics: Understanding the transformation of Western democracies. Palgrave Macmillan.
 
15.
European Training Foundation. (2021). How migration, human capital and the labour market interact in Kosovo. European Training Foundation. https://www.etf.europa.eu/site....
 
16.
Friedrich Ebert Stiftung in Kosovo. (2015). The 2015 Kosovo migration outflow to European Union: Who, why and how. Friedrich Ebert Stiftung in Kosovo (FES). https://library.fes.de/pdf-fil....
 
17.
Government Authority for Migration. (2018). Extended migration profile 2013–2017. Pristina: Government Authority for Migration. https://mpb.rks-gov.net/Upload....
 
18.
Gerguri, D. (2017). Agenda setting and national television stations in Kosovo: The Dehari case study. SSRN. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/p....
 
19.
Goffman, E. (1974). Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience (Vol. 3). Harvard University Press.
 
20.
Gollopeni, B. (2016). Kosovar emigration: Causes, losses and benefits. Sociologija i Prostor, 54(3), 259–314. https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/252....
 
21.
Habermas, J. (1989). The structural transformation of the public sphere: An inquiry into a category of bourgeois society. The MIT Press.
 
22.
Happer, C. & Philo, G. (2013). The role of the media in the construction of public belief and social change. Journal of Social and Political Psychology, 1(1), Article e4761. https://doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v....
 
23.
International Research & Exchanges Board. (2024). Vibrant Information Barometer 2024. International Research & Exchanges Board (IREX). https://www.irex.org/sites/def....
 
24.
Matuszczyk, K. (2026). Towards an intermediary-shaped migration policy? Strategies of private labour market intermediaries in migration policy-making. Migration Studies, 14(1), mnag008. https://doi.org/10.1093/migrat....
 
25.
Karabuva, Ž. (2021). The role of media in shaping public perception of immigrants. Fluminensia, 33(1), 143–167. https://doi.org/10.31820/f.33.....
 
26.
Kosovo Agency of Statistics. (2016). Estimation, Kosovo Population in 2015. Kosovo Agency of Statistics – Republic of Kosovo. https://askapi.rks-gov.net/Cus....
 
27.
Kosovo Agency of Statistics. (2025). Series 5: Social statistics: Estimation population of Kosovo in 2024. Kosovo Agency of Statistics (KAS). https://askapi.rks-gov.net/Cus....
 
28.
Kovář, J. (2023). Media framing of immigrants in Central Europe in the period surrounding the refugee crisis: Security, negativity, and political sources. Communications, 48(1), 5–27. https://doi.org/10.1515/commun....
 
29.
Krasteva, A., Haxhikadrija, A., Marjanovic, D., Angoni, M.N., Petreski, M., & Oruc, N. (2018). Maximising the development impact of labour migration in the Western Balkans. European Union; IBF International Consulting. http://wb-mignet.org/wp-conten....
 
30.
Krzyżanowski, M., Triandafyllidou, A., & Wodak, R. (2018). The mediatization and the politicization of the “refugee crisis” in Europe. Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies, 16(1–2), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/155629....
 
31.
Kyriazi, A., Mendes, M.S., Rone, J., & Weisskircher, M. (2023). The politics of emigration in Europe: A research agenda. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 61(3), 563–575. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.1....
 
32.
Lawlor, A. (2015). Local and national accounts of immigration framing in a cross-national perspective. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 41(6), 918–941. https://doi.org/10.1080/136918....
 
33.
Lecheler, S., Matthes, J., & Boomgaarden, H. (2019). Setting the agenda for research on media and migration: State-of-the-art and directions for future research. Mass Communication and Society, 22(6), 691–707. https://doi.org/10.1080/152054....
 
34.
Liao, C.-H. (2023). Exploring the influence of public perception of mass media usage and attitudes towards mass media news on altruistic behavior. Behavioral Sciences, 13(8), 621. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs1308....
 
35.
Matuszczyk, K. (2025). Tackling, encouraging or ignoring? The outmigration of transnational domestic care workers on the political agenda in Poland. Migraciones. Publicación Del Instituto Universitario De Estudios Sobre Migraciones, (63), Article 23092. https://doi.org/10.14422/mig.2....
 
36.
McCombs, M. (2004). Setting the agenda: The mass media and public opinion. Polity Press.
 
37.
McCombs, M. (2005). A look at agenda-setting: Past, present and future. Journalism Studies, 6(4), 543–557. https://doi.org/10.1080/146167....
 
38.
McCombs, M.E. & Shaw, D.L. (1972). The agenda-setting function of mass media. Public Opinion Quarterly, 36(2), 176–187. https://doi.org/10.1086/267990.
 
39.
McCombs, M. & Valenzuela, S. (2020). Setting the agenda: Mass media and public opinion (3rd ed.). Polity Press.
 
40.
Milioni, D.L., Spyridou, L.-P., & Vadratsikas, K. (2017). Framing immigration in online media and television news in crisis-stricken Cyprus. The Cyprus Review, 27(1), 155–185. https://cyprusreview.org/index....
 
41.
Möllers, J., Arapi-Gjini, A., Xhema, S., & Herzfeld, T. (2015). Mass exodus from Kosovo: How a struggling state loses its citizens. Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO). https://www.econstor.eu/bitstr....
 
42.
OECD. (2022). Labour migration in the Western Balkans: Mapping patterns, addressing challenges and reaping benefits. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). https://www.oecd.org/content/d....
 
43.
Oo, Z. & Dai, Y. (2025). News media effects on policy priorities: A second-level agenda setting analysis of Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) projects in Myanmar. Journalism and Media, 6(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/journa....
 
44.
Poston, D.L. & Bouvier, L.F. (2010). Population and society: An introduction to demography. Cambridge University Press.
 
45.
Qerimi, G. (2015). Media portrayals and reflections of illegal “exodus” phenomenon of Kosovars to the West. In ICCMS International Conference on Communication and Media Studies: Media industry; trends, dynamics and challenges: ICCMS 2015 proceedings book. (399–415). Komuniteti Mysliman i Shqipërisë, Shkolla e Lartë “Hëna e Plotë” Bedër.
 
46.
Roos, C., Nagel, M., Kieschnick, H., & Cherniak, K. (2025). The emigration conundrum: EU countries of origin of migrants between integration and d marcation. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 63(1), 160–178. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.1....
 
47.
Scheufele, D.A. & Tewksbury, D. (2007). Framing, agenda setting, and priming: The evolution of three media effects models. Journal of Communication, 57(1), 9–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0021....
 
48.
Smets, K., Leurs, K., Georgiou, M., Witteborn, S., & Gajjala, R. (Eds.). (2019). The SAGE Handbook of Media and Migration. SAGE Publications Ltd.
 
49.
Strömbäck, J. & Van Aelst, P. (2013). Why political parties adapt to the media: Exploring the fourth dimension of mediatization. International Communication Gazette, 75(4), 341-358. https://doi.org/10.1177/174804....
 
50.
Ureta, I. (2011). Media, Migration and Public Opinion Myths, Prejudices and the Challenge of Attaining Mutual Understanding between Europe and North Africa. Peter Lang AG.
 
51.
Van Gorp, B. (2010). Strategies to take subjectivity out of framing analysis. In P. D’Angelo & J.A. Kuypers (Eds.), Doing news framing analysis. (84–109). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/978020....
 
52.
Voltmer, K. (2006). Mass Media and Political Communication in New Democracies. Routledge.
 
53.
Weinar, A. (2017). From emigrants to free movers: Whither European emigration and diaspora policy? Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 43(13), 2228–2246. https://doi.org/10.1080/136918....
 
54.
Weinar, A. & Mendes, M.S. (2026). Politics of emigration in Europe. In The Routledge Handbook of the Politics of Migration in Europe. (43–56). Routledge.
 
55.
Zapata-Barrero, R. & van Dijk, T.A. (2007). Discursos sobre la inmigración en España: los medios de comunicación, los parlamentos y las administraciones. CIDOB – Barcelona Centre for International Affairs.
 
ISSN:1640-1808
Journals System - logo
Scroll to top