RESEARCH PAPER
Emotions in the policy-making arena: shaping housing responses to flooding by political subjects
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Department of Policy Research Methodology, Faculty of Political Science and International Studies, University of Warsaw, Polska
Submission date: 2025-12-13
Final revision date: 2026-05-07
Acceptance date: 2026-05-07
Online publication date: 2026-06-09
Publication date: 2026-06-09
Corresponding author
Aleksandra Zubrzycka-Czarnecka
Department of Policy Research Methodology, Faculty of Political Science and International Studies, University of Warsaw, ul. Nowy Świat 67, 00-927, Warszawa, Polska
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ABSTRACT
This paper examines how Prime Minister Donald Tusk used emotional appeals to frame housing-related policy responses during the 2024 flood crisis in Poland. The study is based on a Qualitative Content Analysis of six public speeches delivered between 13 and 25 September 2024. Drawing on elements of Szarfenberg’s Beyond the Rational Calculator (BRC) tool, it focuses on three housing-related policy areas and their affective framing: evacuation, reconstruction, and long-term state responsibility. The analysis identifies three findings. First, evacuation was framed not primarily as coercive state action, but as a morally necessary and emotionally justified act of protection, legitimized through fear, solidarity, trust in rescuers, and collective memory of earlier floods. Second, reconstruction was presented not merely as technical recovery, but as a forward-looking moral project in which rapid aid delivery, coordination, and continued institutional presence served to reassure affected communities and stabilize uncertainty. Third, Tusk’s speeches constructed a broader image of the state as an enduring moral guarantor of housing protection, dignity, and continuity in disaster settings. The findings also suggest that citizens’ reception of this message may have varied depending on their previous experiences with political messaging, public institutions, and disaster-related state support, shaping whether it was interpreted as reassuring, persuasive, or contestable. The article argues that the speeches combined affective legitimization with emotional containment. Since the study is limited to six speeches by a single political actor, its claims remain exploratory and should be understood as a proof of concept rather than a definitive account of emotional governance.
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